Effect of cyclohexanol on phase stability and volatility behavior of hydrous ethanol-gasoline blends. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum , 30 3 , Characterisation of spark plug deposits of an SI engine fuelled with gasoline-ethanol blends. International Journal of Ambient Energy , 2 , Materials , 14 11 , Foust , Kenneth F.
Energies , 13 8 , Reardon , Thomas D. Effects of blending C3-C4 alcohols on motor gasoline properties and performance of spark ignition engines: A review.
Fuel Processing Technology , , Effects of dual-alcohol gasoline blends on physiochemical properties and volatility behavior. Fuel , , Reardon , Bret C. Near-azeotropic volatility behavior of hydrous and anhydrous ethanol gasoline mixtures and impact on droplet evaporation dynamics. Pair your accounts. Your Mendeley pairing has expired. Please reconnect. Hydrous ethanol, popularly called alcohol , is a biofuel sold at gas stations and used in vehicles, fueling thousands of cars every day.
The production process of hydrous and anhydrous ethanol can be carried out in different ways, with different raw materials. In Brazil, the main source is sugarcane. The difference between hydrous ethanol and anhydrous ethanol is the amount of water it receives to be sold. This process accumulates a certain amount of latent stored energy. During combustion of these vapors, this explains why the heat of vaporization of hydrous ethanol blends is so much higher than that of regular gasoline components and non-alcohol oxygenates like methyl tertiary butyl ether MTBE which do not contain OH groups non-alcohols.
High heat of vaporization values are typical for water and alcohols including hydrous ethanol and hydrous ethanol blends oxygenated hydrocarbons. Small quantities of water absorbed in the fuel result in a slight increase in power caused by the higher latent heat of vaporization of the fuel.
Those assumptions were found to be incorrect. For the same vehicle, the highway fuel economy was greater than calculated for all tested blends, with an especially high peak at E The new study, co-sponsored by the U. In some geographical areas, like the U. This is having a negative effect on the price of ethanol for producers and sustainability of the ethanol industry. Due to emissions and durability testing requirements, ethanol producers are having difficulty with assessing the economic and environmental impacts of midlevel anhydrous ethanol blends on current auto engines in order to increase blending rates and the RFS.
In contrast to higher percentage anhydrous ethanol blends, HE15 and higher blends can be utilized in legacy vehicles existing auto engines as well as FFVs. In addition to raising blending rates and the RFS, the high price of corn and competition between food and fuel is squeezing profit margins of ethanol producers, resulting in global inflation of fertilizers, and reducing food supplies for staple food products including rice, corn, potatoes and wheat.
Hydrous ethanol blends could reduce some of this inflationary pressure by increasing efficiencies of production. Existing gasoline pipelines will be able to utilize midlevel hydrous ethanol blends as a much more compatible blendstock. This will dramatically reduce transportation costs by allowing petro-refineries and blenders to leverage existing infrastructures for distribution of hydrous ethanol. New turbocharged engines designed for ethanol only, FFV, and ethanol hybrid vehicle technologies allow for utilizing hydrous ethanol in E85 and E fuels in conjunction with electric power to provide unprecedented power, fuel efficiency and emissions reductions.
Such combinations can substantially reduce and eventually eliminate dependence on fossil fuels. About Renergie. Renergie was formed by Ms. Meaghan M. Donovan and Mr. Michael J. Donovan on March 22, for the purpose of raising capital to develop, construct, own and operate a network of ten ethanol plants in the parishes of the State of Louisiana which were devastated by hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
Each ethanol plant will have a production capacity of five million gallons per year 5 MGY of fuel-grade ethanol. On April 2, , Enterprise Florida, Inc.
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