Penicillin allergy is extremely common and other antibiotics with similar bacterial coverage should be used. While there can sometimes be a concern for cross-reactivity and some have experienced severe reactions, cephalosporins are generally the most commonly used alternative for safe and reliable treatment.
Before initiating treatment with Augmentin, it is important to notify your healthcare provider about any previous hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins or cephalosporins. Augmentin may be used during pregnancy, however, there is conflicting human data on the risk of possible harm to the developing fetus. Informed decision-making should be used when determining the risks of taking Augmentin over the need for it to treat a specific disease.
There is no known risk of fetal harm with Augmentin use in breastfeeding patients. There is a possible risk of infant diarrhea, rash, hives, thrush, or sleepiness. Individuals with kidney disease or on hemodialysis should have a dosing adjustment in the amount and frequency of medication administered. Augmentin is contraindicated for use in individuals with a history of hepatic impairment. Augmentin dosages vary based on the condition it is being used to treat.
The absolute maximum dose is 4, mg per day. While there are no strict criteria for overdose, if you believe you have taken too much medication, contact the Poison Control Centers at While there are no medications with absolute contraindications for use with Augmentin, there are several medications that should be used with caution due to drug interactions.
It is important to notify your healthcare provider about all medical conditions and prescription drugs you are using before starting treatment with Augmentin. Allopurinol, a gout medication, has been associated with severe hypersensitivity syndromes. Taking Augmentin with allopurinol could increase the risk of developing a serious skin rash. Probenecid , another gout medication, delays amoxicillin excretion through the kidneys but not the excretion of clavulanic acid.
This medicine may cause serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening and require immediate medical attention. Call your doctor right away if you or your child have itching, hives, hoarseness, trouble breathing, trouble swallowing, or any swelling of your hands, face, or mouth after taking this medicine.
Amoxicillin and clavulanate combination may cause diarrhea, and in some cases it can be severe. It may occur 2 months or more after you stop using this medicine.
Do not take any medicine to treat diarrhea without first checking with your doctor. If you have any questions or if mild diarrhea continues or gets worse, check with your doctor. In some young patients, tooth discoloration may occur while using this medicine. The teeth may appear to have brown, yellow, or gray stains. To help prevent this, brush and floss your teeth regularly or have a dentist clean your teeth.
Amoxicillin and clavulanate combination may decrease the effects of some oral contraceptives birth control pills. Use another form of birth control to avoid getting pregnant. Other forms include condoms, a diaphragm, contraceptive foam, or jelly. Before you or your child have any medical tests, tell the doctor in charge that you are taking this medicine.
The results of some tests may be affected by this medicine. Do not take other medicines unless they have been discussed with your doctor. This includes prescription or nonprescription over-the-counter [OTC] medicines and herbal or vitamin supplements. Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:.
Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you think you or your child has taken too much of this drug, call your doctor or seek guidance from the American Association of Poison Control Centers at or through their online tool.
But if your symptoms are severe, call or go to the nearest emergency room right away. Treatment of overdose will depend on the symptoms you have. A doctor may do tests to check for problems with your heart, liver, or kidneys, or breathing issues. They may also check your oxygen levels. In some cases, they may administer intravenous IV fluids. When Augmentin is dispensed from the pharmacy, the pharmacist will add an expiration date to the label on the bottle. This date is typically one year from the date the medication was dispensed.
The purpose of such expiration dates is to guarantee the effectiveness of the medication during this time. However, an FDA study showed that many medications may still be good beyond the expiration date listed on the bottle.
How long a medication remains good can depend on many factors, including how and where the medication is stored. Augmentin pills should be stored at room temperature in a tightly sealed and light-resistant container. The dry powder for the liquid suspension should also be stored at room temperature. The mixed liquid suspension should be refrigerated.
If you have unused medication that has gone past the expiration date, talk to your pharmacist about whether you might still be able to use it. Before taking Augmentin, talk with your doctor about any medical conditions you have. Augmentin may not be a good choice for you if you have certain medical conditions. Augmentin contains amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Amoxicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that has bactericidal activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
Beta-lactamase-producing bacteria are resistant to amoxicillin. Clavulanic acid is also a beta-lactam that can inactivate some forms of beta-lactamase. The combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid extends the spectrum of Augmentin against bacteria that are normally resistant to amoxicillin alone. The oral bioavailability of the amoxicillin component of Augmentin is about 74 percent to 92 percent.
The peak blood level of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid occurs between one and two-and-a-half hours after oral intake. The half-life of the amoxicillin component is about 1 hour and 20 minutes, and about 1 hour for clavulanic acid. Augmentin and Augmentin XR are contraindicated in people with a history of serious hypersensitivity reactions to amoxicillin, clavulanic acid, penicillin, or cephalosporin antibiotics. Augmentin tablets or powder and Augmentin XR should be stored in the original container at temperatures of 77 degrees F 25 degrees C or less.
Reconstituted Augmentin suspensions should be stored in a refrigerator and discarded after 10 days. Alcohol can interact with some antibiotics. This interaction can reduce their effectiveness or cause mild to severe side effects. In this article, we…. Antibiotics attack and destroy bacteria in the body. They can get rid of an infection, but they can also harm the beneficial bacteria in the gut. Doctors prescribe antibiotics to treat bacterial infections.
However, they can cause side effects, such as digestive issues, fungal infections, and…. Antibiotics include a range of powerful drugs that kill bacteria or slow their growth. They treat bacterial infections, not viruses.
If used…. Are natural antibiotics safe? Do they work? Read about the best and worst natural antibiotics. We also discuss when to use prescription antibiotics. What is Augmentin? Augmentin generic name. Augmentin dosage. One of their early successful drugs was amoxicillin, a close relative to penicillin. Both amoxicillin and other penicillins have a key molecular structure that helps the kill bacteria: a chemical ring called a beta-lactam.
Beta-lactam rings bind to enzymes in bacterial cell membranes. These enzymes are responsible for cross-linking peptidoglycans, the building blocks used to form the bacterial cell wall. When drugs like amoxicillin disable these membrane enzymes, they prevent the bacteria from building up the cell wall, even as the bacteria continue to break down their old cell wall. The bacteria die as a result. Amoxicillin was seen as a breakthrough because it was absorbed better than earlier antibiotics, had fewer of the side effects of antibiotics such as methicillin, and seemed to work against a broad class of bacteria.
However, it had one flaw: at least some resistant populations of bacteria had evolved an ability to fight amoxicillin and other antibiotics by making an enzyme called beta-lactamase, which essentially snipped the beta lactam ring open and disabled it. But in , Beecham Research Laboratories discovered that a certain bacteria called Streptomyces clavuligerus produced a chemical lookalike to penicillin, called clavulanic acid, as a byproduct of its fermentation, according to an article published in in the International Journal of Microbial Agents.
Like other antibiotics, it had a beta-lactam ring, but on its own, wasn't much good at killing bacteria. However, when combined with amoxicillin, it created a superb antibiotic. Clavulanic acid was the ultimate decoy: when bacteria sent out its antibiotic-snipping enzyme, Beta-lactamase, it would bind to clavulanic acid instead. Once bound, clavulanic acid changed its shape and permanently deactivated Beta-lactamase.
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